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HVAC Basics

Air Measurement

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Air measurement in buildings is done using specific instrumentation for specific tests. Calculations are done using no more than high school mathematics. Measuring air flow in buildings takes some training and is usually done by a technician trained in air balance techniques.

The air balance technician also makes air flow adjustments. These air flow adjustments are commonly known as air balancing.

Air balancing may entail:

  • Adjusting motor pulleys to increase or decrease fan speeds.

  • Changing motor or fan pulleys to increase or decrease fan speed.

  • Adjusting zone balance dampers to increase or decrease zone supply and return air.

  • Adjusting individual supply air diffusers balance dampers to increase or decrease supply air flow.

  • Adjusting individual return air grille balance dampers to increase or decrease return air flow.

  • Adjusting individual exhaust air grille balance dampers to increase or decrease exhaust air flow.

    Air flow measurement requires specific instruments and techniques.

  • Duct traverse method of flow calculation

  • Duct static pressure measurement

  • Air flow calculation for diffusers and grilles

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